Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 160 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=-\frac {\left (A+\sqrt {a} B\right ) \arctan \left (\sqrt {3}-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A+\sqrt {a} B\right ) \arctan \left (\sqrt {3}+\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}-\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}} \]
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Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 160, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.200, Rules used = {1183, 648, 631, 210, 642} \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} B+A\right ) \arctan \left (\sqrt {3}-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} B+A\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+\sqrt {3}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}-\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+\sqrt {a}+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+\sqrt {a}+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}} \]
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Rule 210
Rule 631
Rule 642
Rule 648
Rule 1183
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} A-\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) x}{\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} A+\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) x}{\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}} \\ & = \frac {1}{4} \left (\frac {A}{\sqrt {a}}+B\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2} \, dx+\frac {1}{4} \left (\frac {A}{\sqrt {a}}+B\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2} \, dx-\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \int \frac {-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a}+2 x}{\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a}+2 x}{\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}} \\ & = -\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A+\sqrt {a} B\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-\frac {1}{3}-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}-\frac {\left (A+\sqrt {a} B\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-\frac {1}{3}-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}} \\ & = -\frac {\left (A+\sqrt {a} B\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {3}-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A+\sqrt {a} B\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {3}+\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}-\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}}+\frac {\left (A-\sqrt {a} B\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {3} \sqrt [4]{a} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {3} a^{3/4}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 138, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.86 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1} \left (\frac {\left (-2 i A+\left (-i+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {a} B\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {(1+i) x}{\sqrt {-i+\sqrt {3}} \sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {-i+\sqrt {3}}}-\frac {\left (2 i A+\left (i+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {a} B\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(1+i) x}{\sqrt {i+\sqrt {3}} \sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {i+\sqrt {3}}}\right )}{\sqrt {6} a^{3/4}} \]
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Time = 0.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 188, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.18
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\frac {\left (A \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {3}-B \sqrt {3}\, a \right ) \ln \left (x^{2}+a^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {3}+\sqrt {a}\right )}{2}+\frac {2 \left (3 A \,a^{\frac {3}{4}}-\frac {\left (A \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {3}-B \sqrt {3}\, a \right ) a^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 x +a^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {3}}{a^{\frac {1}{4}}}\right )}{a^{\frac {1}{4}}}}{6 a^{\frac {5}{4}}}+\frac {\frac {\left (-A \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {3}+B \sqrt {3}\, a \right ) \ln \left (x^{2}-a^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {3}+\sqrt {a}\right )}{2}+\frac {2 \left (3 A \,a^{\frac {3}{4}}+\frac {\left (-A \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {3}+B \sqrt {3}\, a \right ) a^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 x -a^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {3}}{a^{\frac {1}{4}}}\right )}{a^{\frac {1}{4}}}}{6 a^{\frac {5}{4}}}\) | \(188\) |
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1141 vs. \(2 (116) = 232\).
Time = 0.38 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1141, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.13 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: PolynomialError} \]
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\[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=\int { \frac {B x^{2} + A}{x^{4} - \sqrt {a} x^{2} + a} \,d x } \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: TypeError} \]
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Time = 14.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1155, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.22 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^2}{a-\sqrt {a} x^2+x^4} \, dx=-2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {6\,A^2\,x\,\sqrt {\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}+\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}}-\frac {6\,B^2\,a\,x\,\sqrt {\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}+\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}}-\frac {2\,A^2\,x\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}\,\sqrt {\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{3\,a^{3/2}\,\left (2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}+\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}\right )}+\frac {2\,B^2\,x\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}\,\sqrt {\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{3\,\sqrt {a}\,\left (2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}+\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}-2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {6\,A^2\,x\,\sqrt {\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}-\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}+\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}}-\frac {6\,B^2\,a\,x\,\sqrt {\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}-\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}+\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}}+\frac {2\,A^2\,x\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}\,\sqrt {\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{3\,a^{3/2}\,\left (2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}-\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}+\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}\right )}-\frac {2\,B^2\,x\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}\,\sqrt {\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}}}{3\,\sqrt {a}\,\left (2\,A^2\,B-2\,B^3\,a+\frac {A^3}{\sqrt {a}}-A\,B^2\,\sqrt {a}-\frac {A^3\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a^2}+\frac {A\,B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{3\,a}\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {A^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^3}-\frac {B^2}{24\,\sqrt {a}}-\frac {A^2}{24\,a^{3/2}}-\frac {B^2\,\sqrt {-27\,a^3}}{72\,a^2}-\frac {A\,B}{6\,a}} \]
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